Pseudoscalar pole light-by-light contributions to the muon (g−2)(g-2) in Resonance Chiral Theory

We have studied the $P\to\gamma^\star\gamma^\star$ transition form-factors ($P=\pi^0,\eta,\eta'$) within a chiral invariant framework that allows us to relate the three form-factors and evaluate the corresponding contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_\mu$, through pseudoscalar pole contributions. We use a chiral invariant Lagrangian to describe the interactions between the pseudo-Goldstones from the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and the massive meson resonances. We will consider just the lightest vector and pseudoscalar resonance multiplets. Photon interactions and flavor breaking effects are accounted for in this covariant framework. This article studies the most general corrections of order $m_P^2$ within this setting. Requiring short-distance constraints fixes most of the parameters entering the form-factors, consistent with previous determinations. The remaining ones are obtained from a fit of these form-factors to experimental measurements in the space-like ($q^2\le0$) region of photon momenta. The combination of data, chiral symmetry relations between form-factors and high-energy constraints allows us to determine with improved precision the on-shell $P$-pole contribution to the Hadronic Light-by-Light scattering of the muon anomalous magnetic moment: we obtain $a_{\mu}^{P,HLbL}=(8.47\pm 0.16)\cdot10^{-10}$ for our best fit. This result was obtained excluding BaBar $\pi^0$ data, which our analysis finds in conflict with the remaining experimental inputs. This study also allows us to determine the parameters describing the $\eta-\eta'$ system in the two-mixing angle scheme and their correlations. Finally, a preliminary rough estimate of the impact of loop corrections ($1/N_C$) and higher vector multiplets (asym) enlarges the uncertainty up to $a_\mu^{P,HLbL} = (8.47\pm 0.16_{\rm sta}\pm0.09_{1/N_C}{}^{+0.5}_{-0.0}{}_{\rm asym})\cdot 10^{-10}$.Comment: 43 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in JHEP. New subsection involving error analysis and some minor change

Self-Management Education of Children with Asthma: A Meta-Analysis

Nearly one in every thirteen children has asthma, making it the most common chronic condition in childhood. For a variety of biological and environmental reasons, the prevalence of childhood asthma has risen dramatically in the past 20 years, with disproportionate effects on lowincome populations, minorities, and children living in inner cities. Much of the morbidity associated with childhood asthma, such as activity restrictions, missed school days, and emergency doctor visits, are preventable through appropriate management strategies. This Issue Brief summarizes evidence on the effectiveness of educational programs to improve self-management in children with asthma, and bolsters existing guidelines to include selfmanagement education in the routine care of these patients

Shannon entropies of atomic structure factors, off-diagonal order and electron correlation

Shannon entropies of one- and two-electron atomic structure factors in the position and momentum representations are used to examine the behavior of the off-diagonal elements of density matrices with respect to the uncertainty principle and to analyze the effects of electron correlation on off-diagonal order. We show that electron correlation induces off-diagonal order in position space which is characterized by larger entropic values. Electron correlation in momentum space is characterized by smaller entropic values as information is forced into regions closer to the diagonal. Related off-diagonal correlation functions are also discussed

Digestibility Coefficients and Energy in Alfalfa Hay from Chimborazo and Tungurahua

This study was part of a project (Grasas By Pass), funded by Ciencias Pecuarias ESPOCH. Samples from Chimborazo and Tungurahua were analyzed. The statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and significance tests, including Tukey test. The following results of ranges were found in the first phase: humidity: 7.79% (± 0.06) – 9.99% (± 0.08); ashes: 9.16% (± 0.14) – 10.50% (± 0.01); protein: 18.73% (± 0.10) – 21.37% (± 0.52); crude fiber: 31.64% (± 0.26) – 41.69% (± 0.11); ethereal extract: 1.36% (± 0.22) – 2.13% (± 0.50); and ELN: 28.30% (± 0.09) – 34.46% (± 0.24). The results from the second phase were: F.D.N.: 41.39% (± 1.32) – 51.77% (± 0.01); F.D.A.: 37.36% (± 0.26) – 45.47% (± 1.04); and L.D.A.: 7.85% (± 0.48) – 9.30% (± 0.39). In vivo digestibility tests were developed in metabolic cages with six sheep per treatment for 11 days. The following results were found: Dry matter digestibility coefficient (C.D.M.S.): 60.78% – 66.42%; organic matter (C.D.M.O.): 61.97% – 68.24%; protein (C.D.P.B.): 74.35% – 80.23%; crude fiber (C.D.F.C): 43.73% – 59.39%; ethereal extract (C.D.E.E.): 26.56% – 51.76%; and E.L.N. (C.D.ELN): 67.26% – 81.96%. Finally, the Van Es equations were applied to estimate the values of E.M., E.Nl., E.Ng. and N.D.T. The digestibility and energy coefficients for the hay from Chimborazo - San Juan were higher, and there were lower values for Tungurahua – Cunchibamba. Keywords: chemical composition, digestibility coefficient, useful energy. RESUMEN Como parte del proyecto financiado Grasas By Pass, de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias ESPOCH; se analizaron muestras procedentes de Chimborazo y Tungurahua; el análisis estadístico incluyó análisis descriptivo y pruebas de significancia según Tukey P < 0.0001, en la primera etapa se realizó el análisis proximal que reportó rangos de: humedad 7,79% (±0,06)  –9,99% (±0,08), cenizas 9,16% (±0,14) – 10,50% (±0,01), proteína 18,73% (±0,10) – 21,37% (±0,52), fibra cruda 31,64% (±0,26) – 41,69% (±0,11), extracto etéreo 1,36% (±0,22) – 2,13% (±0,50) y E.L.N. 28,30% (±0,09) – 34,46% (±0,24). La segunda fase analizó: F.D.N.  con valores de 41,39% (±1,32)  –  51,77%(±0,01),  F.D.A.  37,36% (±0,26)  –  45,47% (±1,04)  y  L.D.A.  7,85% (±0,48)  – 9,30% (±0,39).  Se desarrolló las pruebas de digestibilidad In vivo en jaulas metabólicas con 6 ovinos por tratamiento durante 11 días, encontrándose rangos para el coeficiente de digestibilidad de la materia seca (C.D.M.S.) desde 60,78% – 66,42%; materia orgánica (C.D.M.O.) de 61,97% a 68,24%, proteína (C.D.P.B.) de 74,35% a 80,23%, fibra cruda (C.D.F.C) desde 43,73% hasta 59,39%, extracto etéreo (C.D.E.E.) 26,56% a 51,76%, y E.L.N. (C.D.ELN) desde 67,26% hasta 81,96%.  Finalmente se aplicó las ecuaciones de Van Es para estimar los valores de E.M., E.Nl., E.Ng. N.D.T. Siendo más elevados los coeficientes de digestibilidad y energía para los henos de Chimborazo - San Juan y valores más bajos para Tungurahua- Cunchibamba. Palabras claves: composición química, coeficiente de digestibilidad, energía útil